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NCAA's History
The game's rugged nature, typified by mass formations
and gang tackling, resulted in numerous injuries
and deaths and prompted many institutions to discontinue
the sport. Others urged that football be reformed
or abolished from intercollegiate athletics.
President Theodore Roosevelt summoned college
athletics leaders to two White House conferences
to encourage such reforms. In early December 1905,
Chancellor Henry M. MacCracken of New York University
convened a meeting of 13 institutions to initiate
changes in football playing rules. At a subsequent
meeting December 28 in New York City, the Intercollegiate
Athletic Association of the United States (IAAUS)
was founded by 62 members.
The IAAUS officially was constituted March 31,
1906, and took its present name (NCAA) in 1910.
For several years, the NCAA was a discussion group
and rules-making body; but in 1921, the first
NCAA national championship was held: the National
Collegiate Track and Field Championships. Gradually,
more rules committees were formed and more championships
were held.
A series of crises brought the NCAA to a crossroads
after World War II. The "Sanity Code"--adopted
to establish guidelines for recruiting and financial
aid--failed to curb abuses involving student-athletes.
Postseason football games were multiplying rapidly.
Member institutions were increasingly concerned
about the effects of unrestricted television on
football attendance.
The complexity and scope of these problems and
the growth in membership and championships demonstrated
the increasing need for full-time professional
leadership. In 1951, Walter Byers, who previously
had served as part-time executive assistant, was
named executive director. A national headquarters
was established in Kansas City, Missouri, in 1952.
A program to control live television of football
games was approved, the annual Convention delegated
enforcement powers to the Association's Council
and legislation was adopted governing postseason
bowl games.
The Association's membership was divided into
three legislative and competitive divisions in
1973 at the first special Convention ever held.
Five years later, Division I members voted to
create subdivisions I-A and I-AA in the sport
of football.
The NCAA began administering women's athletics
programs in 1980 when Divisions II and III established
10 championships for 1981-82. A year later, the
historic 75th Convention adopted an extensive
governance plan to include women's athletics programs,
services and representation. The delegates expanded
the women's championships program with the addition
of 19 events.
On August 1, 1997, the NCAA implemented a change
in its governance structure that provides greater
autonomy for each division and more control by
the presidents of member colleges and universities.
Walter Byers retired October 1, 1987, after
36 years as the Association's executive director.
He was replaced by Richard D. Schultz, who resigned
in 1993.
Cedric W. Dempsey held the post through December
31, 2002. Dr. Dempsey was a strong advocate for
the welfare of student-athletes and was instrumental
in the move of the NCAA national office to Indianapolis
in 1999 and the negotiation of a comprehensive
championships rights agreement with CBS worth
potentially $6 billion over 11 years.
Today, the national office staff of about 350
employees based in Indianapolis is led by President
Myles Brand. Dr. Brand is the first university
CEO to head the Association.
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